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1.
Food Sci. Technol (SBCTA, Impr.) ; 38(1): 157-163, Jan.-Mar. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-892250

ABSTRACT

Abstract A 32 factorial design was employed to develop an in vitro digestion method for estimation of Fe bioaccessible fractions in cooked chicken meat. The effects of sample size and the in vitro bioaccessible fractions of this essential element were evaluated. A sample preparation method employing a microwave assisted digestion with dilute nitric acid was used prior to total Fe determination. For the bioacessibility studies, the optimized procedure employed 7.5 g of sample and 6% w/v of an acid pepsin solution. This procedure was applied to two kinds of chicken meat samples: breast and liver. Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry was used to determine total and bioaccessible (chyme or soluble portion) levels of iron in the samples. With respect to total Fe content, the bioaccessible fractions of Fe found in these samples were around 23% and 56 %, for breast and chicken liver, respectively. The chicken liver sample showed the highest total (400 ± 10 mg kg-1) and bioaccessible Fe contents (223 ± 18 mg kg-1) and stands out as a good source of this micronutrient.

2.
Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz (Online) ; 75: 1/11-11/11, 2016. graf, tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, SES-SP, SESSP-CTDPROD, SES-SP, SESSP-ACVSES, SESSP-IALPROD, SES-SP, SESSP-IALACERVO | ID: biblio-835637

ABSTRACT

The frying by immersion is a widely used cooking process and it improves the food texture and flavor. This study analyzed the initial thermal oxidation in five edible vegetable oils used forfrying. Oils samples were heated twice for 30 minutes, at 180 °C and then at 240 °C simulating the domestic stoves temperatures. The oils decomposition temperatures were determined byTG, being all of them > 250 °C. The FA profile was analyzed by GC-FID and a slight decrease of UFA was found in corn and soybean oils. In canola, olive and sunflower oils, UFA was stableafter heating treatment. Minor FA decomposition was found in canola oil, and followed by corn, olive, sunflower and soybean oils. NIR spectroscopy analyzes resulted in an extensive bands overlapping. The spectra were modeled by PCA and the oils were classified into two groups: fresh oil and heated oil, mainly by differing in 1900 nm region, associated with the carboxyl signal decrease, which might be related to the initial FA degradation in samples. It could partiallyunderstand what occurs to the vegetable oil in the beginning of its thermo-decomposition. These information are useful to consumers, food industry and health surveillance agency.


A fritura por imersão é um processo de cozimento amplamente utilizado e melhora a textura e o sabor do alimento. Este estudo analisou a oxidação térmica inicial em cinco óleos vegetais comestíveis usados ​​para fritar. As amostras de óleo foram aquecidas duas vezes durante 30 minutos, a 180 ° C e depois a 240 ° C simulando as temperaturas dos fogões domésticos. As temperaturas de decomposição dos óleos foram determinadas por TG, sendo todas elas> 250 ° C. O perfil de FA foi analisado por GC-FID e uma ligeira diminuição de UFA foi encontrada em óleos de milho e de soja. Nos óleos de canola, azeite e girassol, a UFA foi estável após o tratamento térmico. A decomposição menor de FA foi encontrada em óleo de canola, seguido de óleo de milho, azeite, girassol e soja. As análises de espectroscopia NIR resultaram em uma ampla faixa de sobreposição. Os espectros foram modelados por PCA e os óleos foram classificados em dois grupos: óleo fresco e óleo aquecido, principalmente por diferença na região de 1900 nm, associado à diminuição do sinal carboxílico, o que pode estar relacionado à degradação inicial de FA nas amostras. Poderia entender parcialmente o que ocorre ao óleo vegetal no início de sua termo-decomposição. Essas informações são úteis para consumidores, indústria de alimentos e agência de vigilância da saúde.


Subject(s)
Environmental Monitoring , Thermic Treatment , Fatty Acids , Corn Oil , Soybean Oil , Plant Oils
3.
Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz ; 75: 01-11, 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1489532

ABSTRACT

The frying by immersion is a widely used cooking process and it improves the food texture and flavor. This study analyzed the initial thermal oxidation in five edible vegetable oils used for frying. Oils samples were heated twice for 30 minutes, at 180 C and then at 240 C simulating the domestic stoves temperatures. The oils decomposition temperatures were determined by TG, being all of them > 250 C. The FA profile was analyzed by GC-FID and a slight decrease of UFA was found in corn and soybean oils. In canola, olive and sunflower oils, UFA was stable after heating treatment. Minor FA decomposition was found in canola oil, and followed by corn, olive, sunflower and soybean oils. NIR spectroscopy analyzes resulted in an extensive bands overlapping. The spectra were modeled by PCA and the oils were classified into two groups: fresh oil and heated oil, mainly by differing in 1900 nm region, associated with the carboxyl signal decrease, which might be related to the initial FA degradation in samples. It could partially understand what occurs to the vegetable oil in the beginning of its thermo-decomposition. These information are useful to consumers, food industry and health surveillance agency.


A fritura por imersão é um processo de cocção utilizado pela inclusão de textura e sabor aos alimentos. Foi analisada a oxidação térmica inicial de cinco óleos vegetais comestíveis utilizados para fritura de imersão. Amostras de óleos foram aquecidas duas vezes por 30 minutos, a 180 ºC e depois a 240 ºC, simulando-se as temperaturas de fogões domésticos. As temperaturas de decomposição dos óleos foram determinadas por TG, sendo > 250 ºC. O perfil de FA foi analisado por GC-FID, detectando-se pequeno decréscimo dos UFA nos óleos de milho e soja. Nos óleos de canola, oliva e girassol, os UFA foram estáveis após o tratamento térmico. A menor decomposição dos FA foi detectado no óleo de canola, seguido de milho, oliva, soja e girassol. Análises por espectroscopia NIR resultaram em grande sobreposição das bandas. Os espectros foram modelados por PCA, classificando-se os óleos em dois grupos: óleo fresco e óleo aquecido, principalmente pelas diferenças na região de 1900 nm, relacionadas ao decréscimo do sinal de carboxilas, e associadas à degradação inicial dos FA nas amostras. Ainda que parcialmente, pode-se entender o que ocorre com os óleos vegetais no início de termo-decomposição, abrangências que são úteis para consumidores, indústria alimentícia e órgão de vigilância sanitária.


Subject(s)
Olive Oil/chemistry , Brassica napus/chemistry , Helianthus/chemistry , Hot Temperature , Thermic Treatment , Corn Oil/chemistry , Soybean Oil/chemistry , Fatty Acids/chemistry , Plant Oils/chemistry
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